النَّدم في الشعر الجاهلي
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51990/jaa.15.52.2.1الكلمات المفتاحية:
الشعر الجاهلي، الندم، القرار، حركات الندم، انواع الندم، النأيالملخص
يُعَدُّ الشعر الجاهلي منهلاً لا ينضب للمواضيع والتي يمكننا من خلالها الولوج فيها ودراستها، ومعرفة موقف الشاعر والمجتمع لنتعرف عن طريق أبياته موقفه من الحياة ومن كل ما يلاقيه، واذ الشعر يترجم مشاعرنا التي قد تثير فينا أَحاسيس تتلاءم مع موضوعات القصيدة، وهي أَيضاً ملائمة لبيئة الشاعر، فقد عبر النتاج الشعري في الجاهلية عن مشاعره الانسانية جميعها والتي تصور حياة العربي بأفراحه ومآسيه، ونجد فيها آماله وآلامه ومن تلك المشاعر، والنَّدم: هو تأسَّف شَديد لما فرط به الشاعر وتحسر على ما صدر عنه، وعزم على عدم الوقوع فيه مُجدَّداّ، ويجمع مشاعره بين قول أَبيات يعبر فيها عن ندمه بأقوال وأَفعال لتبين تحسره كعضِّ بنانه ،وقد فسر الشعر شدة الحزن عن طريق التعبير العاطفي لإحساس الشخص بعد ارتكابه لفعل مشين يدفع صاحبه إِلى الاستياء والإِحساس بالذنب، وكان الشعر وما يزال يطلق سهامه ويصيب مبتغاه برصانة المبنى وروعة المعنى، فجاء بحثنا عن النَّدم في الشعر الجاهلي.
المراجع
The Holy Quran.
Al-Asma’at, the choice of Al-Asma’i, Al-Asma’i Abu Saeed Abdul-Malik bin Qareeb bin Ali bin Asma’ (D: 216 AH) investigation: Ahmed Muhammad Shaker - Abd al-Salam Muhammad Harun, Dar al-Maaref - Egypt Edition: Seventh, 1993 AD.
Al-Alam, Khair Al-Din Bin Mahmoud Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Faris, Al-Zarkali Al-Dimashqi (D: 1396 AH) Publisher: Dar Al-Ilm for Millions Edition: fifteenth - May 2002 AD.
Clarification in the sciences of rhetoric, the author: Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Umar, Abu al-Ma’ali, Jalal al-Din al-Qazwini al-Shafi’i, known as the preacher of Damascus (D: 739 AH).
Al-Badi’ in Criticism of Poetry, Abu Al-Mudhaffar, the supporter of the state, Majd Al-Din Osama bin Murshid bin Ali bin Makled bin Nasr bin Munqith Al-Kinani Al-Kalbi Al-Shizari (D: 584 AH), investigation by: Dr. Ahmed Ahmed Badawi, Dr. Hamid Abdul Majeed, Reviewed by: Professor Ibrahim Mustafa, United Arab Republic - Ministry of Culture and National Guidance, Southern Region, General Administration of Culture.
Editing Inking in the Poetry and Prose Industry and Explanation of the Miracle of the Qur’an, Ibn Al-Asba’ Al-Masry Tarr (Hafni Muhammad Sharaf), United Arab Republic, Supreme Council for Islamic Affairs (585 AH - 654 AH).
Interpretation of the Great Qur’an, (Ibn Katheer): Abu Al-Fida Ismail bin Omar bin Kathir Al-Qurashi Al-Basri and then Al-Dimashqi (D: 774 AH), investigation: Muhammad Hussein Shams Al-Din, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Publications of Muhammad Ali Beydoun - Beirut Edition: First - 1419 e.
Diwan Al-Asha Al-Kabeer Maymoon bin Qais, explanation and investigation: Dr. Muhammad Hassan, Library of Arts in Jamamizt, the Model Press.
Diwan Aws bin Hajar, investigation and explanation: Dr. Muhammad Youssef Najm, Beirut Printing and Publishing House, Beirut, 1400 AH - 1980 AD: 72.
Diwan of Evil and its News, collected, investigated and explained: Ali Zulfikar Shaker, Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, first edition, 1404 AH - 1984 AD.
Diwan of Poetry of Al-Muthqab Al-Abdi, on its investigation, explanation and commentary: Hassan Kamel Al-Sirafi, League of Arab States, Institute of Arabic Manuscripts, 1391 AH - 1981 AD.
Diwan Zuhair bin Abi Salma, explained and presented by Professor Ali Hassan Faour, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, Lebanon, first edition, 1408 AH - 1981 AD.
Diwan Abdullah bin Ajlan, the oldest of the Arabs, compiled and verified: Ibrahim Saleh, National Book House, Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Heritage, first edition, 1431 AH - 2010.
Diwan Obaid bin Al-Abras, Sharh Ashraf Ahmed Adra, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, 1414 AH - 1994.
Diwan of Urwa ibn al-Ward, Prince of Poets, study, explanation and investigation: Asmaa Abu Bakr Muhammad, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, Lebanon, 1418 AH - 1998 AD.
Diwan of Antarah bin Shaddad, explaining its meanings and vocabulary: Hamad Tammas, Dar al-Maarifa, Beirut, Lebanon, second edition, 1425 AH, 2004 AD.
Diwan of the Marqasheen: The Greatest Marqash Omar Ibn Saad (D: 57 BC), the Younger Marrakesh Amr Ibn Harmala (D: 50 BC), investigation: Ren Sader, Dar Sader, Beirut, first edition, 1981.
Diwan Al-Muhalhal bin Rabia, explained and presented by: Talal Harb, Al-Dar Al-Ilmiyya.
Explanation of the Nine Mu’allaqat, attributed to Abu Amr al-Shaibani (d.: 206 AH) and his attribution is not correct. In the book, we say it is later than the time of Abu Amr, and the style is not his style. Investigation and explanation: Abd al-Majid Hamo Publisher: Al-Alamy Foundation for Publications, Beirut - Lebanon Edition: First, 1422 H - 2001 AD.
Explanation of the Seven Muallaqat, Hussein bin Ahmed bin Hussein Al-Zawzani, Abu Abdullah (D: 486 AH), House of Revival of Arab Heritage, Edition: First 1423 AH - 2002 AD.
The two industries, writing and poetry, Abu Hilal Al-Hassan bin Abdullah bin Sahel bin Saeed bin Yahya bin Mahran Al-Askari (D: about 395 AH), investigation: Ali Muhammad Al-Bajawi and Muhammad Abu Al-Fadl Ibrahim, Al-Asriya Library, Beirut, year of publication: 1419 AH.
Hunting and expulsion in Arabic poetry until the end of the second century of migration, d. Abbas Mustafa Al-Salihi, University Foundation for Study, Publishing and Distribution, Beirut - Lebanon, first edition, 1402 AH - 1982 AD.
The Sciences of Rhetoric, “Al-Bayan, Al-Ma’ani, Al-Badi’,” Ahmed bin Mustafa Al-Maraghi (D: 1371 AH), Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut, Lebanon, fourth edition.
Chivalry in Pre-Islamic Poetry, Nuri Hamoudi Al-Qaisi, Al-Nahda Library Publications, Dar Al-Tadamon Press, Baghdad, 1283 AH - 1964 AD.
Issues of Contemporary Poetry, Nazik Sadiq Al Malaka, House of Science for Millions, Lebanon Edition: Fifth.
The Investigator in the Proverbs of the Arabs, Abu al-Qasim Mahmoud bin Amr bin Ahmed, al-Zamakhshari Jarallah (D: 538 AH), Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyya - Beirut Edition: Second, 1987 AD.
The meanings of grammar, Dr. Fadel Saleh Al-Samarrai, Dar Al-Fikr for Printing, Publishing and Distribution - Jordan Edition: First, 1420 AH - 2000 AD.
